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This paper examines accounting issues associatedwith fundraising costs and provides suggestions for non-profit accounting standards in Japan as fundraising throughdonations, especially crowdfunding, becomes popular with non-profit organizations. Focusing on the information needs of funders who use crowdfunding, I will present issues such as the necessity ofreporting for each project and the necessity of information disclosure by companies operating crowdfunding websites. â ãã¯ããã« æ¬çš¿ã®åé¡æèã¯ãéå¶å©çµç¹ã«ãããŠå¯ä»ã«ããè³é調éããšãããã¯ã©ãŠããã¡ã³ãã£ã³ã°ïŒä»¥äžãCFãïŒã掻çºãšãªãäžã§ããã¡ã³ãã¬ã€ãžã³ã°è²»ã®äŒèšç課é¡ãæ€èšãããããŸã§ã®è°è«ãã¬ãã¥ãŒããããåœã®éå¶å©äŒèšåºæºèšå®ãžã®ç€ºåã瀺ãããšã«ãããå¯ä»çãåŸãæ段ã¯åå¥èšªåãè¡é ã§ã®åŒã³ãããã€ãã³ãéå¬æã§ã®å¯ä»ã®åŒã³ãããCFãªã©å€æ§ã§ããããè¿å¹Žçããšãªã£ãŠããCFããã¡ã³ãã¬ã€ãžã³ã°è²»ãå·¡ã課é¡ãããå¯èŠåããŠããããŸããCFã«ããè³éæäŸè ã®æ å ±ããŒãºã«çç®ããã CFãšã¯ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããçãéããŠãäžç¹å®å€æ°ããè³éã調éããæ段ã§ãããè³Œå ¥å ïŒç¹å®ã®ååã®å¯ŸäŸ¡ãšããŠïŒã»æè³åïŒç¹å®ã®äºæ¥ ã«å¯Ÿããæè³ãšããŠïŒã»å¯ä»åïŒç¹å®ã®äºæ¥ã«å¯Ÿããå¯ä»ãšããŠïŒã«å€§å¥ããããå¶å©äŒæ¥ã§ãéå¶å©çµç¹ã§ãè¡ãããããéå¶å©çµç¹ã§ã¯ããšããã瀟äŒçæ矩ã®é«ããããžã§ã¯ãã«å¯ŸããŠå¯ä»ãããå¯ä»åCFãéèŠã§ããã æ¬çš¿ã¯ã次ã®éãæ§æãããã第ïŒç« ã§ã¯ã CFã®æ矩ã瀺ãããããã®ç¹åŸŽãè¿°ã¹ãã第ïŒç« ã§ã¯ãCFã®äŒèšåŠçã«ã€ããŠããã¡ã³ãã¬ã€ãžã³ã°è²»ã«çç®ããŠè¿°ã¹ãã第ïŒç« ã§ã¯ã CFã®é²å±ã«äŒŽãäŒèšäžã®èª²é¡ãæ瀺ããã第ïŒç« ã§ã¯ããããŸã§ã®è°è«ããŸãšããä»åŸã®å±æã瀺ãã â ¡ããã¡ã³ãã¬ã€ãžã³ã°ãšã¯ã©ãŠããã¡ã³ãã£ã³ã°ã®æ矩 ïŒãå¯ä»åCFã®æŠèŠ éå¶å©çµç¹ã«ãããŠãå¯ä»ã¯éåžžã«éèŠãªãã¡ã³ãã¬ã€ãžã³ã°ã®æ段ã§ããããšã¯èšã㟠ã§ããªããå¯ä»ãéããã«ã¯å€ãã®æ¹æ³ãããããè¿å¹Žã¯CFã泚ç®ãããŠããã å¯ä»åCFã®ä»£è¡šçãªäŸãå³è¡šïŒã«ç€ºããšã次ã®éããšãªãã å¯ä»åCFã«ãããŠã¯ãéå¶å©çµç¹ã®ãŠã§ããµã€ãã§è¡ãããšãããã°ãå€éšã®CFãµã€ã ã䜿çšããããšãå€ããç¹ã«ãäžå°èŠæš¡çµç¹ã«ãããŠã¯èªèº«ã®ç¥å床ãäœããŠã§ããµã€ããžã®èšªåãå°ãªãããšããŸãCFã«å¯ŸããããŠããŠãéå®çãªããšããã£ãŠãå°éã®CFãµã€ããå©çšããããšãå€ãã CFãµã€ãã®å©çšã«ããã£ãŠã¯ãææ°æãç ããããšãäžè¬çã§ãããææ°æã¯ãµã€ãã«ãã£ãŠãããŸããµã€ãéå¶äŒç€Ÿã®æäŸãããµãŒãã¹å 容ã«ãã£ãŠãç°ãªããåã«ééããŠã§ã ãµã€ããžã®æ²èŒã代è¡ããã ãã®ãã®ããã CFã®äŒç»ãåºå ±ã«ãããã³ã³ãµã«ãã£ã³ã°ãŸã§å€å²ã«ãããããªãã代衚çãªCFãµã€ãã«ãããŠã¯ãå¯ä»é¡ããå·®ãåŒãããææ°æã¯å¯ä»é¡ã®10ïŒ ä»¥äžã«ã®ãŒãããã®ã»ãå¯ä»é¡ã«ãããããäžå®ã®ææ°æã城åãããããšããããææ°æã®å èš³ã¯æ§ã 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FASB.2016, Accounting Standards Update No.2016-14 âNot-for-Profit EntitiesïŒTopic 958ïŒâ Jones C.L. and Roberts A.A.2006, Management of financial information in charitable organizations: The case of joint-cost allocations, The Accounting Review, 81, pp.159- 178. Keating E.K., Parsons L.M., and .Roberts A.A. 2008, Misreporting fundraising: How do nonprofit organizations account for telemarketing campaigns? The Accounting Review, 83âµ, pp.417ïŒ446. Krishnan R., Yetman M.H. and Yetman R.J. 2006, Expense misreporting in nonprofit organizations, The Accounting Review, 81âµ, pp.399ïŒ420. Tinkelman D.2006, The Decision-Usefulness of Nonprofit Fundraising Ratios: Some Contrary Evidence, Journal of Accounting, Auïž² diting and Finance, 21â·, pp.441ïŒ462. ïŒè«çš¿æåºïŒä»€åïŒå¹Ž12æ20æ¥ïŒ
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These include Pay for Success contracts and utilization of funds related to dormant deposits. Performance visualization is important for accountability to funders, but there has been criticism that emphasizing easy results distorts the mission of the nonprofit and undermines awareness of social change. In particular, performance-based commissions and subsidies are often required to set performance indicators based on the assumption of processes to reach the intended results; therefore, the risk of obsession with short-term results might exist. However, in the trend of SDGs, social investment is spreading, and this can be considered an opportunity for a change in the orientation of decision-making for nonprofit activities from the funderâs interest to the stakeholderâs interest. In order to rationalize performance visualization, a consensus-building scheme should be established to synthesize diverse opinions and know-how â ãã¯ããã« éå¶å©çµç¹ã®è²¡æºã¯åŸæ¥ããã人ã ããã®æ¯æŽãšããŠã®å¯ä»ããèªåŸãã財æºãšããŠã®äºæ¥åçã泚ç®ãããŠãããã財åæ å ±ã®ã¿ã§ã¯æŽ»åã®ææãäŒããã«ããã財æºãæ¡å€§ããããšã容æã§ã¯ãªããšãããžã¬ã³ãããã£ããããã«å¯ŸããŠãè¿å¹Žã§ã¯ææãéèŠããå©æãå§èšããããã¯ã¹ããŒãªãŒã«ãã£ãŠå ±æãåŸãã¯ã©ãŠããã¡ã³ãã£ã³ã°ãªã©ãéå¶å©æŽ»åãçã¿åºããææãå¯èŠåããããšã«ãã£ãŠãæ¯æããåããæ ¹æ ãšã¿ãªãæææåã«ããšã¥ãã財æºãæ¡å€§ããŠããã ãã ããéå¶å©æŽ»åãçã¿åºãææãé床ã«åçŽåããããšã¯ãéå¶å©ã®ããžãã¹åãæããšããæ¹å€ããããEBPMïŒèšŒæ ã«ããšã¥ãæ¿çç«æ¡ïŒãªã©ã®äžççãªåºãããã¿ããšãææã®å¯èŠåã«åãçµãããšã¯äžå¯é¿ãšãèãããããããã®äžæ¹ã§ã¯å€æ§æ§ãå°åæ§ãå°éãã¹ããšããæºãæ»ããçããŠããããŸããçŸå Žå£äœã®ãªãã«ããææã®å¯èŠåã«å¯ŸããŠç©æ¥µçã«åãçµãå£äœãšãææã¯ç°¡åã«èª¬æã§ãããã®ã§ã¯ãªããšèããæ éãªå£äœãšã«äºæ¥µåããŠããç¶æ³ãèŠåããããã ææã®å¯èŠåã«åãçµãã¹ããã©ããã¯ãè³éæäŸè ãªã©ã®æåŸ ãèæ ®ããªãããåã ã®å£äœãå€æããããšã§ã¯ããããææã®å¯èŠåãæ§æ¥ã«æ±ãããããªå§åãåžžæ åãããšãéå¶å©æŽ»åã®ããã·ã§ã³ãæªãããããšããèŠææãæ 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